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05-ID.txt
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05-ID.txt
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2022-11-05
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$7f0|1-The Identification and Treatment
$fb9|1-of Erectile Dysfunction
Working Party: Gingell, Alexander, Bloomfield,
Hackett, Riley & Savage.
Typed up by: Dr.Dick
(These are actual GP Guidelines, so you will know
what to expect if you ever have to go about it.)
$fffIDENTIFY PATIENTS MOST AT RISK:
-------------------------------
$fdd* Antihypertensives - especially thiazide diuretics, ß-Blockers,
methyldopa, and ganglion blocking agents - consider changing
patient to ACE inhibitor, calcium channel blocker of alpha1
blocking drug if appropriate.
* Bereavement - use of antidepressants can compound the problem of ED
* Cardiovascular disease - high cholesterol, heart failure, post MI
* Chronic back pain - can play a role
* COAD - blood acid changes contribute to ED
* Depression - both directly and also through the use of antidepressants
which can compound the problem of ED
* Diabetes - particularly in the older patient
* Divorce - as with any traumatic life experience the effects can be
widespread
* H2 antagonists - H2 receptors may play a role in erection
* Neurological disease - MS, MND or stroke can cause ED
* Nicotine - heavy smokers are more likely to suffer from ED
* Pituitary/gonadal dysfunction - endocrine imbalances can often be
attributed to ED
* Psychoactive drugs - especially those that effect 5HT concentrations
* Redundancy - self esteem is brought into question
* Stress - ED can compound teh effects of stress
IDENTIFICATION OF ERECTILE DISFUNCTION:
---------------------------------------
* Many patients feel unable to approach their GP about erectile
dysfunction despite wanting to. The sensitivity of this subject
means that when and how questions are asked is important. The
subject is best approached during an annual screening clinic (eg
diabetes or a well man clinic).
* Sensitive questioning can also identify if the patient is
experiencing problems. For example:
+ "It is not unusual for some patients with your condition to
experience sexual problems."
+ "Do you have difficulty achieving or maintaining an erection?"
+ "How often do you suffer from this problem?" Regularly can be
considered more often than once a fortnight, however, this
must be viewed in context with the number of times the man has
tried to have an erection and failed.
+ "Do you wish to seek advice with regards to possible treatments?"
* A listening er and sensitivity are essential following a patient's
initial approach.
THE INVESTIGATION AND TREATMENT OF ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION:
--------------------------------------------------------
.---------------------------------------.
| Is Patient in 'at risk' group for ED? |
`------------------.--------------------'
|
.------------------'--------------------.
| Question Patient |
| Face to face questioning |
| and/or questionnaire |
`------------------.--------------------'
|
.------------------'--------------------.
| Has the patient confirmed ED? |
`------------------.--------------------'
|
.----------<-----^----->-----------.
| |
.--------'---------. .----------'------------.
| Does the patient | | Does the patient want |
| want treatment? | | a discussion only? |
`--------.---------' `-----------------------'
|
.------'------------------------------------------.
| Is condition primarily organic or phychogenic? |
| - use questions |
| - clinical investigations |
`-----------------------.-------------------------'
|
.---------<------^------>----------.
| |
.--------'---------. .---------------'---------------.
| Organic Origin | | Psychogenic: |
| Suspected | | take appropriate action, for |
`--------.---------' | example, consider referral to |
| | therapist in psychosexual |
.--------'----------. | medicine |
| Is corrective | `-------------------------------'
| action possible? |
`-----------.-------'
|
.--Yes---^---No----------------.-------->------.
| | |
.--'-------------------. .----'------. .----'------.
| Take appropriate | | Treatment | | Consider |
| action | | required? | | referral |
| eg: adjust lifestyle | `-----.-----' `-----------'
| etc, review after | |
| one month | .-------'--------------------.
`----------------------' | Offer treatment |
| injection or vacuum device |
`--------------.-------------'
|
.--------------'-------------.
| Review after 1-3 months |
`--------------.-------------'
|
.--------------'-------------.
| Is treatment successfull? |<---.
`-----------.----------------' |
| |
.----------------No---'--Yes--. |
| | |
.-------------'---------. .----------'----------. |
| Consider referral for | | Review after one |--'
| venous ligation or | | month as necessary |
| penile prosthesis | `---------------------'
`-----------------------'
FACTORS THAT MAY SUGGEST ORGANIC ORIGIN:
----------------------------------------
* Was the onset gradual?
* Is there a consistent lack of erections?
* Have the patients nocturnal or early morning erection stopped?
* Does the patient find no erectile response from self stimulation?
* Does the patient have an underlying disease that might contribute
to ED? eg Diabetes
* Is the patient over 55 years old?
If the response to most of these is "yes" then it is likely that the
problem primarily is organic and further investigations may be
necessary.
FACTORS THAT MAY SUGGEST PSYCHOLOGICAL ORIGIN:
----------------------------------------------
* Was the onset rapid?
* Is there an inconsistent lack or response varying with time/partner?
* Does the patient still get nocturnal/early morning erections?
* Does the patient find a response to self-stimulation?
* Has the patient had an important life event that might contribute
to ED?
* Is the patient under 60 years old?
If the response to most of these is "yes" then it is likely that the
problem is psychological and referral to a specially trained therapist
should be considered. In addition if there are obvious conflicts in a
relationship, the couple should seek relationship hterapy as sometimes
such therapy can solve the sexual difficulty.
CLINICAL INVESTIGATIONS:
------------------------
The ain should be to ascertain the likely cause, importantly excluding
significant underlying disease, ie diabetes, hypogpnadism etc.
Provided the physician believes the condition to be organic, the
following tests are advisable:
* Full history and examination - to identify obvious cause or penile
deformity
* Blood glucose or urine glucose test - to identify any undiagnosed
diabetes
* Renal function - check electrolytes and urea id metabolic disturbance
suspected
* Measure testosterone levels (especially if hypergonadism is suspected
for example, lack of sex drive, general appearance, atrophic testes
or gynaecomastia) - Measurement of free testosterone is better than
total testosterone but is not undertaken by all laboratories
* Measure prolactin levels - normal range 50-500mU/l (only if pituitary
disease is suspected, for example visual disturbances or signs of
other endocrine diseases.
$fffend